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<pre><font size="3">$BGR7<!!;~2<$^$9$^$9$4@61I$N$3$H$H$*7D$S?=$7>e$2$^$9!#(B
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</font><font size="3">$BJs!!(B $B9p(B $B!!<T!'(B<font face="Times New Roman">$B>>Hx!!H~OB(B ($BAa0pEDBg3X!K(B</font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></font><pre><font face="Times New Roman">$B%?!!%$!!%H!!%k!'(B</font><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"$B#M#S(B $B#P%4%7%C%/(B";mso-bidi-font-family:"$B#M#S(B $B#P%4%7%C%/(B";mso-font-kerning:0pt;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US;mso-fareast-language:JA;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">Gender Differences in Mobility of Hispanic Immigrants</span></pre></pre>
<pre><pre>$B%"%V%9%H%i%/%H!'(B<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"$B#M#S(B $B#P%4%7%C%/(B";mso-bidi-font-family:"$B#M#S(B $B#P%4%7%C%/(B";
mso-font-kerning:0pt" lang="EN-US">
The U.S. immigrant population is steadily increasing, and
approximately half of this population is Hispanic. This paper aims to
understand the mobility of Hispanic immigrants, particularly whether gender
differences exist in their mobility. Using National Household Travel Survey
data for 2009, this paper finds that the gender difference in mobility is
greater among Hispanics, particularly for low-income Hispanic immigrants, than
for other populations. Hispanic female immigrants are substantially less likely
to be drivers than their male counterparts and females of other race/ethnicity
groups. Moreover, the probability of being a driver is persistently low for
Hispanic female immigrants even after years of residing in the U.S., while
driver status of females in other race/ethnicity groups increases quickly as
they stay longer in the U.S. Hispanic female immigrants are likely not actively
choosing to be non-drivers; if they are drivers, they drive more than females
of other race/ethnicity groups. Although regression analysis does not prove
causal relationships between low-income status and driver status, there are
policy implications if barriers to becoming a driver limit training or
employment and contribute to low-income status. More detailed analysis is
anticipated to detail the mobility challenges Hispanic female immigrants face.<o:p></o:p></span><pre><pre><pre><pre>
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$B!!!!!!!!!!(B<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:zhang@se.si.tohoku.ac.jp">zhang@se.is.tohoku.ac.jp</a></pre></pre></pre></pre></pre></pre>
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